Alterations of absolute number or percentage of circulating white blood cell (WBC) subsets are associated with psychological and physical stress. proportion of neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes and monocytes, and higher N/L in female patients than in male patients after gastrectomy. These findings indicate that female patients showed more immune-compromised response to gastrectomy than male patients. strong class=”kwd-title” Keywords: Gender, Gastrectomy, Stomach, Neoplasm, Leukocytes INTRODUCTION Recently, the assessment of changes of white blood cell (WBC) subsets such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, or ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte counts (N/L) in peripheral blood has been identified as an easy, simple, inexpensive, and reliable prognostic index to determine host Dapagliflozin irreversible inhibition immunity (1-17). As immune cells, WBC subsets undergo changes in their proportion in peripheral blood Dapagliflozin irreversible inhibition by inhibition of apoptosis of neutrophils (1-4) and apoptosis of lymphocytes (7, 8) in certain psychological stress (9, 18), surgical trauma (10, 11), or advanced malignant tumors (1-4, 7, 8). It has been documented the fact that modification of WBC subsets populations is certainly a trusted prognostic index to anticipate survival price and therapeutic advantage in tumor patients (1-8). Main surgery produces injury and acute irritation, which are related to modifications in the immune system status of sufferers (11, 19, 20). In immune-changed tumor sufferers currently, operative stress-induced suppression of mobile immunity may possibly accelerate the tumor development and dissemination of residual tumor cells (21). As a result, it is specifically important to maintain immune position of tumor patients capable after surgery. Distinctions between women and Dapagliflozin irreversible inhibition men in endocrine reactions to the type of the strain have already been Dapagliflozin irreversible inhibition reported (18, 22, 23). Acute emotional tension turned on the endocrine response even more profoundly in male topics than in feminine subjects (18). On the other hand, physical tension stimulated greater boosts in cortisol response in feminine topics than in male topics (22, 23). Although there’s a close romantic relationship between endocrine replies and immune adjustments, the consequences of gender in the perioperative and postoperative perturbation of mobile immunity by operative tension in tumor patients never have been reported. Abdomen cancer is among the most common tumor and a respected cause of loss of life from tumor in both sexes in Korea. Changed immune system response to abdomen cancer continues to be noted (13, 14). As a Npy result, the purpose of the current research was to research the consequences of gender in the changes in blood WBC subsets populations and N/L during hospitalization after surgical treatment between male and female patients with stomach cancer by analyzing blood WBC subset values and N/L from the database, retrospectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients After approval from the local ethics committee, we examined 923 patients who were diagnosed as stomach malignancy and received total or subtotal gastrectomy from January 1 to December 31 in 2005 in this study. Counts of peripheral WBC and percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes before and immediate after surgery, postoperative day (POD) 1, 3, and 5 were obtained from database retrospectively, and the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes was directly calculated from the full Dapagliflozin irreversible inhibition blood count. Patients’ surgical, anesthetic records, and progression notes in ward during hospitalization were also reviewed. All patients without complications after gastrectomy were discharged around the POD 10 per a specific protocol. Accordingly, patients hospitalized more than 10 days and those with risk factors that might have affected circulating WBC, were all excluded in the current study. Patients with medical problems such as diabetes mellitus, hepatic, cardiac and renal problems, or postoperative complications such as pneumonia, surgical site leakage or urinary tract infection, patients who received blood transfusion during surgery or after surgery, patients who received combined surgery such as cholecystectomy or gynecological surgery, patients who had metastasis to other organs, or those who received palliative surgery due to unresectable.